Introduction and principle analysis

March 28, 2022

The hoisting machinery that has been in contact for so long has compiled so much mechanical technical information. We will find that there is no comprehensive understanding of the overall structural composition of some lifting machinery, and there is a lack of understanding of some operating principles. In this case, Puqi lifts the auto repair school to conduct a comprehensive introduction.
The obvious difference between a crane and other general machines is the combination of large, movable metal structures and multiple mechanisms. Intermittent reincarnation lessons, uneven lifting loads, inconsistencies in the movement of various agencies, unequalness of the agency load, and multi-person interventions, etc., add to the complexity and safety hazards of the crane. More, the scope of danger is large. The safety of cranes is particularly important because accidents are prone to occur and the consequences of accidents are severe.
First, control the operating system Cranes through a single movement of a mechanism or a combination of multiple movements to achieve the purpose of handling materials.
1. The rotating mechanism is to make the boom rotate around the vertical axis of the crane and transport the material in the annular space.
2. The luffing mechanism is a unique working mechanism of the boom crane. The luffing mechanism changes the range of homework by changing the length and elevation of the boom.
3. The operating mechanism is a mechanism for moving materials by crane or lifting trolley. It has the functions of trackless operation and rail operation. It is divided into two types according to its driving mode: self-propelled and traction.
4. The hoisting mechanism is a mechanism for realizing vertical lifting of materials. It is an indispensable part of any crane and is therefore the most important and basic mechanism of cranes.
Working institutions include: hoisting mechanism, operating mechanism, luffing mechanism and rotating mechanism, which are called the four major institutions of cranes.
Second, the working mechanism The drive device is used to drive the power equipment of the working mechanism. Common driving devices include electric drive, internal combustion engine drive and manual drive. Electrical energy is a clean, economical energy source. Electric drive is the main driving type of modern cranes. Almost all rail cranes, elevators, elevators, etc. that operate within a limited range are electrically driven. For mobile cranes that can be moved at long distances (such as truck cranes, tire cranes and crawler cranes, and more internal combustion engine drives), the human drive is used in some light and small lifting equipment, and is also used as an auxiliary, backup drive and accident for some equipment ( Or the temporary state of the accident, the weight of the heavy machine and the hoisting weight.
Third, the drive device The lifting device is driven by the drive device, working mechanism, and operation control system. Through the operation of the control system, the driving device converts the power energy into mechanical energy (that is, the appropriate force or movement speed, and the material handling task is completed by the working mechanism alone or in combination. The movable metal structure connects the various components. In a whole, and carry the crane composition and working principle.
For the composition of the hoisting machinery structure, we have explained the three aspects of controlling the operating system, related working mechanism and driving device, and introduced their respective operating principles. I hope everyone can improve the understanding of the lifting machinery. .

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